Visual Capitalist published a ranking showing river discharge rates worldwide. The Amazon absolutely dominates.
How much water flows through the Amazon? Somewhere between 209,000 and 224,000 cubic meters per second (7.4 to 7.9 million cubic feet per second). About 20% of all river water reaching oceans comes from here. The basin covers 7 million square kilometers—picture the entire lower 48 covered in rainforest receiving over 2,500 mm of rain yearly. Water rushes across flat terrain straight to the Atlantic.
Compare that to Europe. The Volga discharges 8,380 m³/s (296,000 ft³/s). The Amazon moves 25 times more. The Danube? 6,510 m³/s (230,000 ft³/s).
Six South American rivers made the top 20. Asia got seven scattered across a much larger continent. Europe managed two on the entire list of 30.
Second place: Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna at 42,800 m³/s (1.5 million ft³/s). That's about 19% of Amazon levels. This system drains the Himalayas and provides water for hundreds of millions across India and Bangladesh.
Third: Congo at 41,400 m³/s (1.5 million ft³/s). It crosses the equator twice. Northern sections flood while southern sections dry out, then they switch. This helps maintain steadier flow.
The Orinoco (Venezuela/Colombia) ranks fourth at 39,000 m³/s (1.4 million ft³/s). China's Yangtze holds fifth: 31,900 m³/s (1.1 million ft³/s).
North America's Mississippi ranks seventh at 21,300 m³/s (752,000 ft³/s)—draining 40% of the lower 48 but carrying just 10% of Amazon volume. Canada's St. Lawrence took tenth at 17,600 m³/s (621,000 ft³/s).
Russia dominates the rankings in North Asia. The Yenisei grabbed eighth at 20,200 m³/s (713,000 ft³/s). The Lena sits at ninth: 18,300 m³/s (646,000 ft³/s). The Ob holds 13th: 13,100 m³/s (463,000 ft³/s).
The Mekong snakes through six Southeast Asian countries and ranks 11th at 15,856 m³/s (560,000 ft³/s).
Notable Absences
The Nile isn't here. Africa's longest river discharges just 3,075 m³/s (109,000 ft³/s)—less than the 30th-place Essequibo. The Sahara evaporates most of it.
Europe's Rhine flows at roughly 2,300 m³/s (81,000 ft³/s). London's Thames does around 65 m³/s (2,300 ft³/s). Both remain crucial for European trade despite modest discharge.
The Colorado in the southwestern US often runs dry before the Gulf of California. Irrigation pulls out too much water.
Recommended Resources
As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. The following links direct to Amazon.com:
Books:
- Rivers of Power by Laurence C. Smith
- The Big Thirst by Charles Fishman
- Water: A Biography by Giulio Boccaletti
Maps:
Water Conservation:

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